If your fusion splice is showing high splice loss, don't panic. High splice loss can occur for various reasons, but the good news is that there are several ways to troubleshoot and fix the issue. This blog post will walk you through common causes and solutions for high splice loss in fusion splicing. 

Fusion splicing involves joining two optical fibres together to create a low-loss connection. It's a critical part of fibre optic network installations, and the goal is minimal splice loss. A splice loss above 0.1 dB is considered high, and if you're seeing anything higher, it's time to investigate. 
 

Causes of High Splice Loss 

Misalignment of the Fibres 

Fusion splicing relies on precise alignment between the two fibre ends. Any misalignment, even a slight one, can cause significant loss. If using an automatic fusion splicer, check that the fibre ends are positioned correctly in the alignment fixture. 

Dirty Fibre Ends 

Dirt or dust on the fibre ends is one of the most common causes of high splice loss. Before splicing, always clean the fibres with fibre optic cleaning supplies. Even a speck of dust can ruin your splice. 

Incorrect Fusion Parameters 

Fusion splicers have settings that must be tailored to your fibre type and condition. If you've used incorrect fusion parameters for the fibre spliced (e.g., the wrong heat, pressure, or timing), the splice may not bond properly, leading to high loss. 

Fiber Quality Issues 

Sometimes, the fibre itself may be at fault. Fiber optic cables can suffer from manufacturing defects or be damaged during handling or installation. Inspect the fibres closely for any visible defects. 

Improper Cleaving 

Cleaving is a crucial step before splicing. If the fibre ends are not appropriately cleaved (i.e., a clean, straight cut), it will cause poor alignment and high splice loss. Ensure you're using a high-quality cleaver and following the proper technique. 
 

How to Fix High Splice Loss 

Check and Clean the Fibre Ends 

Before you adjust your fusion splicer, double-check the fibre ends. Use a fibre optic cleaning kit to remove dirt or dust from them. 

Ensure Proper Alignment 

Make sure that the fibres are perfectly aligned in the splicer. If using an automatic fusion splicer, ensure the fibres are correctly seated. Manual splicers require more attention to detail in terms of fibre alignment. 

Adjust the Fusion Parameters 

Consult your fusion splicer's manual to ensure you use the correct fibre type settings. You may need to adjust the splice program to match the fibre specifications. 

Re-cleave the Fiber 

If the cleaving was improper, it might be worth re-cleaving the fibres. Use a sharp cleaver and ensure the cut is perfectly square to avoid any issues during fusion. 

Test the Splice Again 

After performing these steps, re-test the splice using an optical power meter. You're on the right track if the splice loss has been reduced. If it remains high, you may need to repeat the process or consider consulting an expert. 

 

FAQs 

What causes high splice loss in fusion splicing? 

Several factors, including fibre misalignment, dirty fibre ends, improper fusion parameters, poor fibre quality, or incorrect cleaving, can cause high splice loss. 

How can I clean fibre ends before splicing? 

Use a fibre optic cleaning kit that includes lint-free wipes and cleaning fluid. Gently wipe both fibre ends to remove any dust or debris. 

Can high splice loss affect network performance? 

Yes, high splice loss can lead to signal degradation and reduced performance in a fibre optic network. It's essential to keep splice loss as low as possible. 

How do I know if the splice loss is too high? 

Typically, splice loss above 0.1 dB is considered high. If your readings are above this threshold, it's time to troubleshoot. 

Should I contact the manufacturer if I can't fix the splice loss? 

If you're still having trouble after troubleshooting, it's a good idea to contact the fusion splicer manufacturer for technical support or consider consulting an experienced technician. 

 

 

Conclusion 

High splice loss can be frustrating, but it's usually easy to fix with a few simple adjustments. Remember to clean your fibres, ensure proper alignment, and adjust your fusion splicer's parameters to match the fibre type. If you keep running into issues, don't hesitate to reach out to your fusion splicer manufacturer for further troubleshooting support. After all, even the best tools sometimes need a little help from their operators. 

With these tips and tricks, you should be well on your way to fixing any high splice loss problems in your fibre optic installations. Keep your fusion splicer in top shape, and your splicing jobs will be smooth and successful.